The Hidden History of Iran’s Nuclear Program During the Pahlavi Era: Insights from Akbar Etemad

The Political Motivations Behind Accelerating Nuclear Development

Insulating Against Political Instability

The Shah’s administration believed that developing nuclear energy would create a resilient energy sector capable of withstanding political or social upheavals.

Demonstrating Modernization and Power

Nuclear technology was seen as a symbol of modernization, technological prowess, and national pride, aligning with the Shah’s broader vision of Iran as a modern, industrialized nation.

The End of the Pahlavi Era and Its Impact on Iran’s Nuclear Program

The 1979 Iranian Revolution

Etemad notes that the revolution abruptly changed Iran’s political landscape, leading to a halt and subsequent reevaluation of nuclear plans.

Post-Revolution Challenges

The new Islamic regime faced international sanctions, technological setbacks, and ideological shifts that affected Iran’s nuclear trajectory.