The Hidden History of Iran’s Nuclear Program During the Pahlavi Era: Insights from Akbar Etemad

The Technical and Scientific Foundations of Iran’s Nuclear Program
Building the Nuclear Infrastructure
Etemad discusses the steps taken to establish Iran’s nuclear infrastructure, including the design and construction of the Bushehr nuclear power plant, which was engineered to withstand earthquakes up to magnitude 7 on the Richter scale.
The Role of International Cooperation
Iran collaborated with several Western nations, including the United States, France, and Germany, to acquire nuclear technology, reactor components, and scientific expertise. These partnerships were motivated by mutual benefits and Iran’s strategic desire to rapidly advance its nuclear capabilities.
Challenges and Risks
Despite the optimism, Etemad acknowledges the technical challenges, such as ensuring safety standards and managing international scrutiny. He also mentions the importance of maintaining secrecy and security in developing sensitive nuclear technology.
The Geopolitical Implications of Iran’s Nuclear Pursuit
Iran’s Desire for Sovereignty and Technological Self-Reliance
Etemad highlights that Iran’s pursuit of nuclear energy was also driven by a desire for technological independence and regional leadership.
Balancing Power with Western Countries
Iran’s strategic negotiations with Western powers aimed to secure nuclear technology while asserting national sovereignty. The leverage gained through oil exports played a crucial role in these diplomatic efforts.
The Influence of Cold War Dynamics
During the Cold War, Iran’s nuclear ambitions were also influenced by the broader geopolitical landscape, including the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.
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