Israel-Iran Conflict 2025: Iran Launches Ballistic Missiles in Escalating Middle East Crisis

Broader Regional Dynamics: The Role of Key States

Saudi Arabia and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

While historically cautious, Gulf countries have expressed concern over Iran’s missile attacks. Their strategic calculus involves balancing opposition to Iran with their own regional ambitions. Many Gulf states are wary of becoming entangled in a broader conflict but are increasing their military preparedness.

Egypt and Jordan

Both countries advocate for de-escalation and have peace treaties with Israel. They are likely to act as mediators or pressure parties to pursue diplomatic resolutions.

Turkey

Turkey’s stance is complex. While supporting Palestinian cause and opposing Iran’s regional influence, Turkey maintains strategic ties with Iran and Israel. Its role as a regional mediator or participant remains uncertain.

Russia and China

• Russia: Maintains military presence in Syria, supports Iran’s regional position, and balances relations with Israel.
• China: Focused on economic interests, calls for stability, and advocates for diplomatic solutions.